← All eras

Bhakti & Sufi

A six-hundred-year argument conducted in song: that you do not need Sanskrit, a priest, or the right birth to reach god. It produced most of India's regional literature as a side effect.

10 entries on this part of the floor. 1100 CE – 1700 CE.

The Bhakti–Sufi Courtyard

c. 1400 CE

Guru Nanak

1469–1539

Walked to Baghdad, Mecca, Sri Lanka and Assam asking the same question everywhere, and came back with a religion built on one god, honest work, and a shared kitchen where everybody sits on the floor in the same row.

Find it on the floor: The Bhakti–Sufi Courtyard

The Bronze Caster

lost-wax, one shot only

Sculpts in wax, encases it in clay, melts the wax out, pours the bronze in, and breaks the mould. Every Chola bronze in every museum is a single unrepeatable take.

Find it on the floor: The Bhakti–Sufi Courtyard

Saraswati

knowledge, music, speech

The only figure on this floor whose iconography is a book, a veena and a swan — learning, art, and the ability to tell milk from water.

Find it on the floor: The Bhakti–Sufi Courtyard

Tulsidas

the Ramcharitmanas, c. 1574

Retold the Ramayana in Awadhi so that people who did not read Sanskrit could have it. Scholars were furious. Everybody else memorised it.

Find it on the floor: The Bhakti–Sufi Courtyard

Surdas

blind poet of Braj

Wrote thousands of songs about Krishna's childhood with such visual detail that the tradition insists he must have been able to see something.

Find it on the floor: The Bhakti–Sufi Courtyard

The Bhakti movement

c. 7th–17th century

A six-hundred-year argument, conducted in song, that you do not need Sanskrit, a priest, or the right birth to reach god. It produced most of India's regional literature as a side effect.

Find it on the floor: The Bhakti–Sufi Courtyard

Ravidas

cobbler and poet

Wrote about a society without caste or hunger and gave it a name — Begampura, the city without sorrow. Forty of his hymns are in the Guru Granth Sahib.

Find it on the floor: The Bhakti–Sufi Courtyard

Basavanna

12th-century Kannada reformer

Ran a hall in Kalyana where people of every caste and gender debated in public and wrote their own free-verse vachanas. It ended violently, which tells you how radical it was.

Find it on the floor: The Bhakti–Sufi Courtyard

The langar

the kitchen where everyone sits in a row

Guru Nanak's community kitchen made caste physically impossible at mealtimes. It now serves tens of thousands a day at Amritsar and turns up wherever there is a disaster.

Find it on the floor: The Bhakti–Sufi Courtyard

Qawwali

devotional music, high volume

Harmonium, tabla, clapping, and a lead singer improvising around a couplet until the room gives way. Designed to be irresistible, and is.

Find it on the floor: The Bhakti–Sufi Courtyard

← All eras · Back to the floor